Academician Oleg Gazeneko and John Allen
greeting Biospherian Mark Nelson at the Biosphere 2 window
during the 1991-1993 closed system experiement.

The Biosphere2 experiment is a broad one that begins with the eight-person Biosphere2 crew, but extends into many scientific disciplines and encompasses many studies. For certain aspects of the project, the designers and builders of Biosphere 2, Space Biospheres Ventures consults with independent institutes, firms and individuals. In addition, numerous research scientists in Biosphere 1, our Earth, conduct parallel joint studies with the Biosphere 2 crew.

Project Consultants

Agriculture/Integrated Past Management :
William Olkowski, Bio-Integrate Resource Center, Berkeley, California Analytics
Dr. Jim Litsinger, Agricultural Systems Consultant (SBV)
Dr. Richard Harwood, Chairman of Sustainable Agriculture, Crop & Soil Sciences Dept., Michigan State University
Dr. Will Getz, Winrock International

Carbon Modeling:
Dr. Daniel Botkin, University of California, Santa Barbara
Dr. Robert Frye, Independent Research Consultant, Tucson, Arizona Desert
Dr. Tony Burgess, Coordinator Desert Laboratory, Tucson, Arizona

Entomology:
Dr. Scott Miller, Bishop Museum, Hawaii
Dr. Dan Polhemus, Technical Entomology Advisor, Bishop Museum

Medical:
Dr. Benjamin Burrows, (respiratory disease), University of Arizona College of Medicine
Dr. James Byers, (microbiology), University of Arizona College of
Medicine
Dr. Steven Harris, (internal medicine), UCLA Medical School
Dr. Norman Levine, (dermatology), University of Arizona College of Medicine
Dr. Dan Levinson, University Medical Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine
Dr. Harvey Meislin, (Head of Emergency Service), University of Arizona College of Medicine
Dr. David Ogden, (renal/metabolism/fluid balance), University of Arizona College of Medicine
Dr. Don Paglia, (general), UCLA Medical School
Dr. Jacob Pinnas, (immunology), University of Arizona College of Medicine
Dr. George Ray, (infectious disease), University of Arizona College of Medicine
Dr. Mark Yoshino, (x-ray), University of Arizona College of Medicine
Dr. Sherrylyn Young, (gynecology), private practice, Tuscon, Arizona
Dr. Ed Boyse, (microbiology and immunology), Distinguished Professor, School of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine
Dr. Bill Crump, Department of Family Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch-Galveston
Dr. Peter Hackett, Denali Medical Research Project Alaska

Ocean/Marsh:
Dr. Don Spoon, Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Georgetown University
Dr. Phil Dustan, Professor, Department of Biology, College of Charleston
Dr. Bob Howarth, Atkinson Professor of Ecology and Environmental Biology, Cornell University
Dr. Judy Lang, Coral Reef Biologist, Texas Memorial Museum
Roxanne Marino, Analytical Chemist, Cornell University

Soils:
Robert Scarborough, Soils Consultant

Tropical Rainforest:
Dr. Michael Balick, Director, Institute of Economic Botany, New York Botanical Garden
Dr. Ghillean Prance, Director, Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, U.K.

Vertebrates:
Dr. Kay Izard, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina

Analytics:
Dennis Fitz and Kurt Bumiller, AeroVironment, Monrovia, California
Dr. Steve Hoyt, Environmental Analytical Services, San Luis Obispo, California
Richard Kruse, P.E., Kruse Engineering, Flushing, Michigan
Robert Peak and James Jungles, BC Analytical, Glendale, California
Troy Todd, AADCO Instrument, Clearwater, Florida

Joint Studies:
SBV is currently engaged in joint studies with the following individuals and organizations:

Dr. John Avise, Biology Department, University of Georgia - genetic studies
Dr. John L. Laseter and Craig Degenhardt, ACCU-CHEM Laboratories, Richardson, Texas - human toxicological studies
Profs. Kristina and Daniel Vogt, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Sciences - carbon distribution in Biosphere2, underground biomass development
Dr. Randolph Ware, President External Tanks Corp, Boulder, Colorado - use of external tank for space life support
Dr. Josef Gitelson, Director of Institute of Biophysics, Siberia Academy of Sciences
Dr. A.I. Grigoryev, Director of Institute of Biomedical Problems, Moscow
Dr. O.G. Gazenko, Academician and Previous Director of Institute of Biomedical Problems, Moscow
Dr. Ganna Maleshko, Head of Division of Closed Ecological System Research at Biomedical Problems, Moscow
Dr. N. Pechurken, Associate Director of Institute of Biophysics, Siberia Academy of Sciences
Dr. Wallace Broecker, Professor of Geochemistry, Lamont-Doherty
Dr. Martin Wahlen, Professor of Geochemistry, Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Dr. Mike Bender, Professor of Geochemistry, University of Rhode Island
Dr. Jack Corliss, Senior Research Scientist, NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center
Professor Howard Odum, Professor of Environmental Engineering Science, University of Florida, Gainesville.